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This website is devoted to the science of vexillology (the study of flags).
All illustrations presented on this website serve exclusively to provide information in the context of vexillology.
The authors and hosts of this site explicitly distance themselfes from any symbols of unconstitutional organizations that may be depicted here.
Last modified: 2026-04-25 by martin karner
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Please note that this word is recorded as having a Spanish origin (which remains unproven) however, the extent to which it was used in English medieval manuscripts is not known.
Notes
![[alferes]](../images/v/vx-verspronck.jpg)
Alferous/Standard Bearers: paintings from Victor Boucquet (left, 1664) and J.C. Verspronck (1640)
a) It is suggested that the alternative form was sometimes used in
medieval manuscripts
b) There is a possible relationship between this term and the
Spanish military rank of alférez or ensign (see also
ensign 5).
Arms and Flag of Torres Vedras, Portugal

Flag of the State of Virginia, US;
Jack of the Batavian Republic 1797, The Netherlands;
Flag of Richmond 19141933, US
Flag of Goppisberg Switzerland;
Flag of Radzymin, Poland
![[Magdeburg]](../images/v/vx-de-st-md.gif)
Arms and Flag of Magdeburg ("Maiden Castle"), Germany (Wikipedia & fotw)
National Flag/Civil Ensign as regulated, and Alternative Civil Ensign of the
United Arab Emirates
![[ambassadorial flag example]](../images/v/vx-fi-amb19.gif)
Ambassador's flags: Sierra Leone,
Italy 1918 and Finland 19191920
American War Mothers/Armistice Day Flag, US
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