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Ratios of the national flag 1920-1945 (Spain)

Description

See also:

Flag Variant in an Army Order of 10th November 1932 (Spain)
Flag Variants in an Army Order of 20th April 1940 (Spain)
Historical Flags (Spain)

Introduction

There were several Orders issued by the Ministry of the Army in 1920, 1931, 1932 and 1940 regarding the dimensions (and indirectly the proportions) of the national flags (with arms) to be flown on coastal fortresses and other military and official buildings:

A Circular Order of 4th June 1920, published in the Colección Legislativa del Ejército (Army Legislative Collection) no. 241/1920, fixed the dimensions as 3.6 m × 5 m which implies 18:25.
A Circular Order of 6th May 1931, issued after the adoption of the Republican red-yellow-purple triband, published in the Colección Legislativa del Ejército no. 230/1931, fixed the dimensions as 1.35 m × 2.25 m which implies 3:5.
A Circular Order of 10th November 1932, published in the Colección Legislativa del Ejército no. 593/1932, fixed the dimensions of flags for naval fortresses and castles as 3.6 m × 5 m, which implies 18:25, because flags according to the dimensions in the 1931 Order could not be seen from ships.
A Circular Order of 30th April 1940 (issued after the readoption of the R-Y-R triband 1+2+1), published in the Colección Legislativa del Ejército no. 151/1940, fixed the following dimensions:
- flags flown at barracks and other military or official buildings, 3.75 m × 2.7 m which implies 18:25;
- flags flown at fortresses and castles, 3.6 m × 5 m which also implies 18:25.

The 1920 and 1940 orders seem to have followed actual practice as respects to dimensions. However the 1920 order kept the proportions of the stripes (1+2+1) while the 1940 order did not.

Luis Miguel Arias, translated by Santiago Dotor, 17 Apr 2002

The broad majority of actual flag and arms samples I have seen (either personally or in photographs) dating from the 18th and 19th centuries do keep to certain official standards. The proportion of the red-yellow-red stripes was established by Royal Order in 1785 and was never modified, except for the absurd 1940 Order – the equal-width stripes in the 1931-1939 Republican flag being a completely different issue.

The ratio of the 1785 war ensign (later state flag and ensign) was not fixed in the 1785 Order. In actual practice it seems to have evolved from long flags ca. 1:3 to the more recent 2:3. I seem to recall seeing a picture (possibly in Wilson 1986) of a Spanish ensign captured by the British at Trafalgar which, already at that time (1805), had a 2:3 ratio.

I would think that by the late 19th century most if not all Spanish ensigns were 2:3.

As for the arms, at that time there rarely was an official design as there is nowadays. Still the majority of actual arms, both on flags and elsewhere, shared a quite uniform design.

Santiago Dotor, 18 Apr 2002

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